Kris Kristofferson. Main articles: Cuneiform Unicode block , Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation Unicode block , and Early Dynastic Cuneiform Unicode block.

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The archaic cuneiform script was adopted by the Akkadian Empire from the 23rd century BC short chronology. In the 15th century, the Venetian Giosafat Barbaro explored ancient ruins in the Middle East and came back with news of a very odd writing he had found carved on the stones in the temples of Shiraz and on many clay tablets.

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Chimes of Freedom: The Songs of Bob Dylan Honoring 50 Years of Amnesty International is a charity compilation album featuring new recordings of compositions by Bob Dylan by multiple artists, released on January 24, 2012. Proceeds from the album were donated to the human rights organization Amnesty International. It debuted in the U.S at number 11 on the Billboard 200 with 22,000 copies sold ...

Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several of the Ancient Near East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form its levinguitars.euorm originally developed to write the Sumerian of southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).

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Jobs W3-S-Professorship for "Experimental Ultrafast Physics" combined with the position of a Director at the Max Born Institute Humboldt University of Berlin HU Berlin Berlin, Germany. Many signs in the script were polyvalent, having both a syllabic and logographic meaning. The complexity of the system bears a resemblance to Old Japanese , written in a Chinese-derived script, where some of these Sinograms were used as logograms and others as phonetic characters.

Elamite cuneiform was a simplified form of the Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform, used to write the Elamite language in the area that corresponds to modern Iran. Elamite cuneiform at times competed with other local scripts, Proto-Elamite and Linear Elamite. The earliest known Elamite cuneiform text is a treaty between Akkadians and the Elamites that dates back to BCE.

The first was Old Persian , which was deciphered in by Georg Friedrich Grotefend. The second, Babylonian cuneiform, was deciphered shortly after the Old Persian text. Because Elamite is unlike its neighboring Semitic languages , the script's decipherment was delayed until the s. Yet even in those days, the Babylonian syllabary remained a mixture of logographic and phonemic writing. Hittite cuneiform is an adaptation of the Old Assyrian cuneiform of c.

When the cuneiform script was adapted to writing Hittite, a layer of Akkadian logographic spellings was added to the script, thus the pronunciations of many Hittite words which were conventionally written by logograms are now unknown. In the Iron Age c. The pronunciation of the characters was replaced by that of the Assyrian dialect of the Akkadian language :. The Rassam cylinder with translation of a segment about the Assyrian conquest of Egypt by Ashurbanipal against " Black Pharaoh " Taharqa , BC.

From the 6th century, the Akkadian language was marginalized by Aramaic , written in the Aramaean alphabet , but Neo-Assyrian cuneiform remained in use in the literary tradition well into the times of the Parthian Empire BC— AD. The complexity of cuneiforms prompted the development of a number of simplified versions of the script. Old Persian cuneiform was developed with an independent and unrelated set of simple cuneiform characters, by Darius the Great in the 5th century BC.

Because of its simplicity and logical structure, the Old Persian cuneiform script was the first to be deciphered by modern scholars, starting with the accomplishments of Georg Friedrich Grotefend in Ugaritic was written using the Ugaritic alphabet , a standard Semitic style alphabet an abjad written using the cuneiform method. Between half a million [11] and two million cuneiform tablets are estimated to have been excavated in modern times, of which only approximately 30, [51] —, have been read or published.

The British Museum holds the largest collection approx. For centuries, travelers to Persepolis , located in Iran , had noticed carved cuneiform inscriptions and were intrigued. In the 15th century, the Venetian Giosafat Barbaro explored ancient ruins in the Middle East and came back with news of a very odd writing he had found carved on the stones in the temples of Shiraz and on many clay tablets.

Antonio de Gouvea , a professor of theology, noted in the strange writing he had had occasion to observe during his travels a year earlier in Persia. However, he did not attempt to decipher the scripts. He also guessed, correctly, that they represented not letters or hieroglyphics but words and syllables, and were to be read from left to right. Proper attempts at deciphering Old Persian cuneiform started with faithful copies of cuneiform inscriptions, which first became available in when duplicates of Darius's inscriptions were published by Jean Chardin.

Carsten Niebuhr brought very complete and accurate copies of the inscriptions at Persepolis to Europe, published in in Reisebeschreibungen nach Arabien "Account of travels to Arabia and other surrounding lands".

At about the same time, Anquetil-Duperron came back from India, where he had learnt Pahlavi and Persian under the Parsis , and published in a translation of the Zend Avesta , thereby making known Avestan , one of the ancient Iranian languages. In , Oluf Gerhard Tychsen made the first study of the inscriptions of Persepolis copied by Niebuhr.

Friedrich Münter Bishop of Copenhagen improved over the work of Tychsen, and proved that the inscriptions must belong to the age of Cyrus and his successors, which led to the suggestion that the inscriptions were in the Old Persian language and probably mentioned Achaemenid kings.

Inscription now known to mean "Darius the Great King, King of Kings, King of countries, son of Hystaspes, an Achaemenian, who built this Palace".

Inscription now known to mean "Xerxes the Great King, King of Kings, son of Darius the King, an Achaemenian". By Georg Friedrich Grotefend conjectured that, based on the known inscriptions of much later rulers the Pahlavi inscriptions of the Sassanid kings , that a king's name is often followed by "great king, king of kings" and the name of the king's father.

In Persian history around the time period the inscriptions were expected to be made, there were only two instances where a ruler came to power without being a previous king's son. They were Darius the Great and Cyrus the Great , both of whom became emperor by revolt.

The deciding factors between these two choices were the names of their fathers and sons. Darius's father was Hystaspes and his son was Xerxes , while Cyrus' father was Cambyses I and his son was Cambyses II. Within the text, the father and son of the king had different groups of symbols for names so Grotefend assumed that the king must have been Darius.

These connections allowed Grotefend to figure out the cuneiform characters that are part of Darius, Darius's father Hystaspes, and Darius's son Xerxes. By this method, Grotefend had correctly identified each king in the inscriptions, but his identification of the value of individual letters was still quite defective, for want of a better understanding of the Old Persian language itself.

A month earlier, a friend and pupil of Burnouf's, Professor Christian Lassen of Bonn, had also published his own work on The Old Persian Cuneiform Inscriptions of Persepolis.

According to Sayce, whatever his obligations to Burnouf may have been, Lassen's. He succeeded in fixing the true values of nearly all the letters in the Persian alphabet, in translating the texts, and in proving that the language of them was not Zend , but stood to both Zend and Sanskrit in the relation of a sister. Meanwhile, in Henry Rawlinson , a British East India Company army officer, visited the Behistun Inscriptions in Persia.

Carved in the reign of King Darius of Persia — BC , they consisted of identical texts in the three official languages of the empire: Old Persian , Babylonian and Elamite. The Behistun inscription was to the decipherment of cuneiform what the Rosetta Stone discovered in was to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs in Rawlinson successfully completed the decipherement of Old Persian cuneiform. In , he finished his copy of the Behistun inscription, and sent a translation of its opening paragraphs to the Royal Asiatic Society.

Before his article could be published, however, the works of Lassen and Burnouf reached him, necessitating a revision of his article and the postponement of its publication. Then came other causes of delay. In , the first part of the Rawlinson's Memoir was published; the second part did not appear until After translating Old Persian, Rawlinson and, working independently of him, the Irish Assyriologist Edward Hincks , began to decipher the other cuneiform scripts.

The decipherment of Old Persian was thus notably instrumental to the decipherment of Elamite and Babylonian , thanks to the trilingual Behistun inscription. The decipherment of Babylonian ultimately led to the decipherment of Akkadian , which was a close predecessor of Babylonian. The actual techniques used to decipher the Akkadian language have never been fully published; Hincks described how he sought the proper names already legible in the deciphered Persian while Rawlinson never said anything at all, leading some to speculate that he was secretly copying Hincks.

Among the treasures uncovered by Layard and his successor Hormuzd Rassam were, in and , the remains of two libraries, now mixed up, usually called the Library of Ashurbanipal , a royal archive containing tens of thousands of baked clay tablets covered with cuneiform inscriptions. By , Hincks and Rawlinson could read Akkadian signs. They were soon joined by two other decipherers: young German-born scholar Julius Oppert , and versatile British Orientalist William Henry Fox Talbot. In , the four men met in London and took part in a famous experiment to test the accuracy of their decipherments.

Edwin Norris , the secretary of the Royal Asiatic Society , gave each of them a copy of a recently discovered inscription from the reign of the Assyrian emperor Tiglath-Pileser I. A jury of experts was impaneled to examine the resulting translations and assess their accuracy. In all essential points, the translations produced by the four scholars were found to be in close agreement with one another.

There were, of course, some slight discrepancies. The inexperienced Talbot had made a number of mistakes, and Oppert's translation contained a few doubtful passages which the jury politely ascribed to his unfamiliarity with the English language. But Hincks' and Rawlinson's versions corresponded remarkably closely in many respects. The jury declared itself satisfied, and the decipherment of Akkadian cuneiform was adjudged a fait accompli. Finally, Sumerian , the oldest language with a script, was also deciphered through the analysis of ancient Akkadian-Sumerian dictionaries and bilingual tablets, as Sumerian long remained a literary language in Mesopotamia, which was often re-copied, translated and commented in numerous Babylonian tablets.

In the early days of cuneiform decipherment, the reading of proper names presented the greatest difficulties. However, there is now a better understanding of the principles behind the formation and the pronunciation of the thousands of names found in historical records, business documents, votive inscriptions, literary productions, and legal documents.

The primary challenge was posed by the characteristic use of old Sumerian non-phonetic logograms in other languages that had different pronunciations for the same symbols. Until the exact phonetic reading of many names was determined through parallel passages or explanatory lists, scholars remained in doubt or had recourse to conjectural or provisional readings.

However, in many cases, there are variant readings, the same name being written phonetically in whole or in part in one instance and logographically in another. Cuneiform has a specific format for transliteration. Because of the script's polyvalence , transliteration requires certain choices of the transliterating scholar, who must decide in the case of each sign which of its several possible meanings is intended in the original document.

For example, the sign dingir in a Hittite text may represent either the Hittite syllable an or may be part of an Akkadian phrase, representing the syllable il , it may be a Sumerogram , representing the original Sumerian meaning, 'god' or the determinative for a deity. In transliteration, a different rendition of the same glyph is chosen depending on its role in the present context.

A transliteration of these signs, however, would separate the signs with dashes "il-a", "an-a", "DINGIR-a" or " D a". This is still easier to read than the original cuneiform, but now the reader is able to trace the sounds back to the original signs and determine if the correct decision was made on how to read them. A transliterated document thus presents the reading preferred by the transliterating scholar as well as an opportunity to reconstruct the original text. There are differing conventions for transliterating Sumerian, Akkadian Babylonian , and Hittite and Luwian cuneiform texts.

One convention that sees wide use across the different fields is the use of acute and grave accents as an abbreviation for homophone disambiguation.

Thus, u is equivalent to u 1 , the first glyph expressing phonetic u. In Sumerian transliteration, a multiplication sign 'x' is used to indicate typographic ligatures. As shown above, signs as such are represented in capital letters , while the specific reading selected in the transliteration is represented in small letters.

Thus, capital letters can be used to indicate a so-called Diri compound — a sign sequence that has, in combination, a reading different from the sum of the individual constituent signs for example, the compound IGI. In a Diri compound, the individual signs are separated with dots in transliteration. BABBAR — Sumerian for "silver" — being used with the intended Akkadian reading kaspum , "silver" , an Akkadogram, or simply a sign sequence of whose reading the editor is uncertain.

Naturally, the "real" reading, if it is clear, will be presented in small letters in the transliteration: IGI. A will be rendered as imhur 4. Since the Sumerian language has only been widely known and studied by scholars for approximately a century, changes in the accepted reading of Sumerian names have occurred from time to time. Thus the name of a king of Ur , read Ur-Bau at one time, was later read as Ur-Engur , and is now read as Ur-Nammu or Ur-Namma; for Lugal-zage-si , a king of Uruk , some scholars continued to read Ungal-zaggisi ; and so forth.

Also, with some names of the older period, there was often uncertainty whether their bearers were Sumerians or Semites. If the former, then their names could be assumed to be read as Sumerian, while, if they were Semites, the signs for writing their names were probably to be read according to their Semitic equivalents, though occasionally Semites might be encountered bearing genuine Sumerian names.

There was also doubt whether the signs composing a Semite's name represented a phonetic reading or a logographic compound. Thus, e. The tables below show signs used for simple syllables of the form CV or VC. As used for the Sumerian language, the cuneiform script was in principle capable of distinguishing at least 16 consonants, [93] [94] transliterated as. The Sumerian cuneiform script had on the order of 1, distinct signs or about 1, if variants are included. This number was reduced to about by the 24th century BC and the beginning of Akkadian records.

Not all Sumerian signs are used in Akkadian texts, and not all Akkadian signs are used in Hittite. Falkenstein lists signs used in the earliest period late Uruk , 34th to 31st centuries. See Bibliography for the works mentioned in this paragraph. Rosengarten lists signs used in Sumerian pre- Sargonian Lagash , and Mittermayer and Attinger , Altbabylonische Zeichenliste der Sumerisch-Literarischen Texte or "aBZL" list Sumerian forms, written in Isin-Larsa and Old Babylonian times.

Signs used in Hittite cuneiform are listed by Forrer , Friedrich and Rüster and Neu , Hethitisches Zeichenlexikon or "HZL". The HZL lists a total of signs, many with variants for example, 12 variants are given for number EGIR.

The Sumerians used a numerical system based on 1, 10, and The way of writing a number like 70 would be the sign for 60 and the sign for 10 right after. Cuneiform script was used in many ways in ancient Mesopotamia. It was used to record laws, like the Code of Hammurabi. It was also used for recording maps, compiling medical manuals, and documenting religious stories and beliefs, among other uses. According to the Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture , [] cuneiform script was used at a variety of literacy levels: average citizens needed only a basic, functional knowledge of cuneiform script to write personal letters and business documents.

Cuneiform ama-gi , literally "return to the mother", loosely "liberty", is the logo of Liberty Fund. As of version 8. The final proposal for Unicode encoding of the script was submitted by two cuneiform scholars working with an experienced Unicode proposal writer in June Rather than opting for a direct ordering by glyph shape and complexity, according to the numbering of an existing catalog, the Unicode order of glyphs was based on the Latin alphabetic order of their "last" Sumerian transliteration as a practical approximation.

Once in Unicode, glyphs can be automatically processed into segmented transliterations. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other uses, see Cuneiform disambiguation.

Logosyllabic script used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East. Trilingual cuneiform inscription of Xerxes I at Van Fortress in Turkey, written in Old Persian , Elamite and Babylonian forms of cuneiform.

Proto-writing Cuneiform. Unicode range. See also: History of writing. Accounting tokens. Clay envelope and its tokens. Susa , Uruk period. Clay accounting tokens. Circa BC. See also: Kish tablet. Further information: Liste der archaischen Keilschriftzeichen. Further information: List of cuneiform signs and Sumerian language.

From linear to angular. Further information: Akkadian language. Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform syllabary circa BC. Left: Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform syllabary, used by early Akkadian rulers. ZU , appears vertically in the right column. The Babylonian king Hammurabi still used vertical cuneiform circa BC. Babylonian tablets of the time of Hammurabi circa BC. Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform, either in inscriptions or on clay tablets, continued to be in use, mainly as a phonetical syllabary, throughout the 2nd millennium BC.

Main article: Elamite cuneiform. Neo-Assyrian cuneiform syllabary circa BC. Left: Simplified cuneiform syllabary, in use during the Neo-Assyrian period. Right: Mesopotamian palace paving slab, c. Old Persian cuneiform syllabary circa BC. Old Persian cuneiform syllabary, and the DNa inscription part II of Darius the Great circa BC , in the newly created Old Persian cuneiform.

Main article: Old Persian cuneiform. Cylinder of Antiochus I c. The Antiochus cylinder , written by Antiochus I Soter as great king of kings of Babylon , restorer of gods E-sagila and E-zida , circa BC. Written in traditional Akkadian with the same text in Babylonian and Assyrian given here for comparison. Antiochus I Soter with titles in Akkadian on the cylinder of Antiochus: "Antiochus, King, Great King, King of multitudes, King of Babylon, King of countries".

See also: List of cuneiform signs and Cuneiform Unicode block. Main article: Babylonian numerals. An example: King Shulgi foundation tablet c. D Nimintabba Foundation tablet of king Shulgi c.

ME British Museum. Main articles: Cuneiform Unicode block , Cuneiform Numbers and Punctuation Unicode block , and Early Dynastic Cuneiform Unicode block. This list is incomplete ; you can help by adding missing items. July Asia portal. Hieratic Babylonokia : a 21st-century cuneiform artwork Elamite cuneiform Hittite cuneiform Journal of Cuneiform Studies List of cuneiform signs List of museums of ancient Near Eastern art Old Persian cuneiform Ugaritic alphabet Urartian cuneiform.

The final part III comprised chapters IV Analysis of the Persian Inscriptions of Behistunand and V Copies and Translations of the Persian Cuneiform Inscriptions of Persepolis, Hamadan, and Van , pp. By the early s, the number of tablets sold from the site exceeded 4, While the site of Kültepe was suspected as the source of the tablets, and the site was visited several times, it was not until when Bedrich Hrozny corroborated this identification by excavating tablets from the fields next to the tell that were related to tablets already purchased.

February 17, The Oxford History of Historical Writing: Volume 1: Beginnings to AD Oxford University Press. ISBN Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on September 25, Retrieved July 30, The British Museum. June 4, Archived from the original on October 17, A descriptive grammar of Sumerian PDF Thesis.

Leiden: Faculty of the Humanities, Leiden University. In its fully developed form, the Sumerian script is based on a mixture of logographic and phonographic writing. There are basically two types of signs: word signs, or logograms, and sound signs, or phonograms. Kimball; Jonathan Slocum. Early Indo-European OnLine EIEOL. University of Texas at Austin.

Hittite is written in a form of the cuneiform syllabary, a writing system in use in Sumerian city-states in Mesopotamia by roughly B.

Sumerian, a long extinct language, is related to no known language, ancient or modern, and its structure differed from that of Akkadian, which made it necessary to modify the writing system. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Connected Akkadian texts appear c. These modifications are important, because the Hittites borrowed them when they borrowed the writing system, probably from a north Syrian source, in the early second millennium B.

In borrowing this system, the Hittites retained conventions established for writing Sumerian and Akkadian Saeculum: Gedenkschrift für Heinrich Otten anlässlich seines Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. The existence of the Anitta text demonstrates that there was not a sudden and total interruption in writing but a phase of adaptation to a new writing. Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie. S2CID The latest datable cuneiform tablet that we have today concerns astronomical events of 75 A.

It provides a terminus post quem , at least for Babylon. University of California Press. That final step completed the transition to full writing, and with it the consequent ability to record contemporary events for posterity" W.

Hallo; W. Simpson The Ancient Near East. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. The World's Writing Systems. The First Writing: Script Invention as History and Process. Cambridge University Press. Culture and Values: A Survey of the Western Humanities, Volume 1. Cengage Learning. Reading The Past Cuneiform. Writing Systems: A Linguistic Introduction. Stanford University Press. Retrieved October 31, Bromiley June The international standard Bible encyclopedia.

Eerdmans Publishing. The Times Atlas of World History. Hammond Incorporated. Reading the Past: Cuneiform. Before the European Challenge: The Great Civilizations of Asia and the Middle East. SUNY Press. Reading The Past: Cuneiform. The Elamite language Cuneiform inscriptions of Western Asia PDF. For the translation: Luckenbill, David. Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume II PDF. For the Assyrian prononciation: Quentin, A. Revue Biblique ISSN JSTOR Retrieved December 11, The use of cuneiform in government documents ceased sometime during the Achaemenian period, but it continued in religious texts until the 1st century of the Common era.

Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie. In Dorleijn, Gillis J. Cultural Repertoires: Structure, Function, and Dynamics. Leuven, Paris, Dudley: Peeters Publishers. Retrieved August 20, In Chapman, Robert; Wylie, Alison eds. Material Evidence: Learning from Archaeological Practice. Abingdon, UK; New York, NY: Routledge. Indo-Iranian Journal, Woodard ed. These texts include genres as variegated as mythology and mathematics, law codes and beer recipes.

Egyptology: The Missing Millennium : Ancient Egypt in Medieval Arabic Writings. Wade Meade, Road to Babylon: Development of U. Assyriology, Archived December 19, , at the Wayback Machine Brill Archive, p. Archived March 20, , at the Wayback Machine [in Portuguese] French translation: Gouvea, Antonio de, with Alexis de Meneses, trans. Rouen, France: Nicolas Loyselet, , pp. Archived March 20, , at the Wayback Machine [in French] From pp.

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Monument is founded by Mary-Lou Berkulin and designed by Karen van de Kraats. The magazine focuses on Dutch fashion design around the turn of the century. Each issue is dedicated to a single designer or label, enabling the contributors to go in depth on the coming and passing of the designers who were part of the 1998 “Dutch wave”.

29/06/ · Ciné-Télé-Revue. «Immense soirée, monumental fiasco» pour Eurosport: «Les émotions ne changent rien à l’affaire, la déroute est totale. L’équipe de France a été éliminée. Monumental 14CD Box Set Includes 5 Complete Bob Dylan Sets From Rolling Thunder Revue Concerts Spanning October-December First Leg, Rehearsal Performances, Rarities And More. More info. Order now! More Blood, More Tracks – The Bootleg Series Vol. 14 Now Available! Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several of the Ancient Near East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form its levinguitars.euorm originally developed to write the Sumerian of southern Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).

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Chimes of Freedom: The Songs of Bob Dylan Honoring 50 Years of Amnesty International is a charity compilation album featuring new recordings of compositions by Bob Dylan by multiple artists, released on January 24, Featured artists include Diana Krall, Johnny Cash, AdeleMiley CyrusMy Chemical RomanceSilversun PickupsKesha Monumental Revue, The Gaslight Monumental RevuePete TownshendSeal Monumental Revue, Jeff BeckElvis Costello Lucy Zara Sex, Mark KnopflerDarren CrissEric BurdonStingMonumental Revue SmithMy Morning JacketPete SeegerSteve Earle and Rise Against.

The 4-disc CD version of the album features 73 tracks - with a further 3 tracks available on a digital-only basis - making for a total of 76 tracks. Among the 76 recordings is Bob Dylan's original recording of the title track. Of the other 75 tracks, 69 were brand-new studio recordings purpose-made for the album.

The other 6 tracks were recent live performances recorded for other purposes by the artists and subsequently donated for inclusion on the album. All tracks are written by Bob Dylan as sole composer - with four exceptions: Two Monumental Revue co-written by Dylan, one title an arrangement by Dylan of a traditional song and one title a traditional song arranged by a fellow folksinger.

All four exceptions are noted after the pertinent song title. Monumental Revue created "making-of" mini-documentaries about the recording of 9 of the 69 new studio tracks. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the charity album. For other uses, see Chimes of Freedom. Various artists. Retrieved October 28, Retrieved Amnesty International. Retrieved February 2, Bob Dylan.

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One The 50th Anniversary Collection The 50th Anniversary Collection From Newport to the Ancient Empty Street in L. Great White Wonder List of Basement Tapes songs England Tour World Tour Isle of Wight Festival Tour with The Band Rolling Thunder Revue — World Tour Gospel Tour — World Tour European Tour True Confessions Tour Tour with the Grateful Dead Temples in Flames Tour Tarantula Writings and Drawings Chronicles: Volume One. The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia Bob Dylan, Performing Artist Invisible Republic The Cambridge Companion to Monumental Revue Dylan.

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What links here Related changes Upload file Special pages Permanent link Page information Cite this page Wikidata item. Download Monumental Revue PDF Printable version. Rockpopfolkcountrypunkbluesjazzalt-rock. Amnesty International distributed by Fontana. Jeff AyeroffJulie Yannatta. Executive Producers Helen Garrett, Karen Scott Executive Monumental Revue for Amnesty International Martin Lewis Contributing Producer.

Rolling Stone. Johnny Cash feat. The Avett Brothers. Raphael Saadiq. The Nightwatchman. Pete Townshend. Monumental Revue LaVette. Charlie Winston. II ;and on The Basement Tapes ; Mariachi El Bronx. The Gaslight Anthem. Silversun Pickups. My Morning Jacket. The Airborne Erotische Geschwister Event. Mark Knopfler. Queens of the Stone Age. Lenny Kravitz. Elvis Costello. Angelique Kidjo.

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